Inorganic bentonite
Inorganic bentonite is divided into sodium bentonite and calcium bentonite
The dispersion degree of sodium bentonite is higher than that of calcium bentonite, and the water absorption rate of sodium bentonite is high and the expansion factor is large. The reason for the different results of swelling and swelling of sodium bentonite and calcium bentonite is that:
1) the cation can bind the bentonite particles and restrict the dispersion of bentonite particles. Multivalent ions have higher charge density than monovalent ions, and stronger electrostatic attraction between particles leads to stronger cohesion of bentonite particles. Therefore, the dispersion capacity of calcareous bentonite is weaker than that of sodium bentonite.
2) the negative charge produced by lattice displacement of montmorillonite should adsorb ions of opposite nature to balance the electric property of the solution. These oppositely charged ions are present in solution in the form of hydrated ions, and negatively charged Montmorillonite Granules adsorbs hydrated cations to form a double layer. The thickness of the double layer is inversely proportional to the two side of the valence of the counter ion, that is, the cation is high, the hydration film is thin and the expansion ratio is low; but the cationic valence is low, the hydration film is thick and the expansion factor is high.
3) the thickness of water adsorbed on the crystalline layer of Na bentonite is three layers, and the thickness of adsorbed water is four layers. The polar water molecules, due to electrostatic attraction is small, have larger interlayer spacing between sodium bentonite crystal layer, and calcium bentonite due to electrostatic attraction between the Pu crystal layer is large, the polar water molecules into the crystal layer is not easy to, therefore, produce calcium bentonite crystal the distance between the layers is more obvious than sodium bentonite, in calcareous bentonite sodium bentonite is dispersed in water, low expansion ratio. In fact, the expansion of montmorillonite by its chemical composition control, containing montmorillonite sodium ion can be continued more than continuous expansion, until it becomes a gel state. Montmorillonite with more calcium ions can only expand from dry state to water bearing state, and there is a limit to expansion. After we know the deep reasons that affect the swelling property of bentonite, we can effectively control the swelling properties of bentonite minerals so as to achieve the best use effect.
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